Nd:YVO₄

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Neodymium Doped Yttrium Vanadate (Nd:YVO4) is the most efficient laser crystal for diode pumping among the current commercial laser crystals, especially, for low to medium power Lasers. This is mainly due to its absorption and emission features which surpass Nd:YAG. It has the characteristics of good thermal conductivity, large stimulated emission cross-section, wide absorption bandwidth. Because of these advantages, compact laser devices can be made by using small crystals. Another feature of Nd: YVO4 crystal is that it is uniaxial, it emits linearly polarized light

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Product Specifications Physical & Optical Properties Product Features & Applications

Product Specifications

Dimension Tolerance	Width (+/-0.1) * Height (+/-0.1) * Length (+0.5/-0.1 mm
Orientation	a-cut	Dopant Concentration	0.1 at% - 3 at%
Angle Tolerance	+/-5 °	Perpendicularity	≤ 5 ′
Scratch/Dig	10/5	Chamfer	< 0.1mmx45°
Parallelism	≤ 10 ″	Chips	< 0.1mm
Flatness	λ/10 @ 633nm	Clear Aperture	≥ 95%
Wavefront Distortion	λ/6 @ 633nm
Coatings	C1--- AR@1064(R<0.2%) C2--- AR@1064(R<0.2%)&532(R<0.5%) C3--- AR@1064(R<0.2%)&808(R<0.5%) C4--- AR@1064(R<0.2%)&532(R<0.5%)&808(R<3%) C5--- HR@1064(R>99.8%)&HT@808(T>95%) C6--- HR@1064(R>99.8%)&532(R>99.5%)&HT@808(T>95%)
Ends Type	Parallel, Anti-Parallel, Brewster cut

Standard Products

Part Number	Size	Working Wavelength	Dopant
1.CR.YVO.030315.C002	3X3X15	AR1064&879/AR1064&879	0.55%
1.CR.YVO.030310.C006	3X3X10	AR1064&808/AR1064&808	0.30%
1.CR.YVO.030308.C011	3X3X8	AR1064&808/AR1064&808	0.20%
1.CR.YVO.030303.C113	3X3X3	AR1064&808/AR1064&808	0.5

Physical & Optical Properties

Host material formula:	Nd³⁺:YVO4
Crystal Structure:	Tetragonal
Lattice Constant (Å):	a=b=7.1193, c=6.2892
Thermal Expansion Coefficient (K^-1) :	α_a = 4.43 × 10^-6 , α_c = 11.37 × 10^-6
Thermal Conductivity (W∙cm^-1∙K^-1):	0.05
Melting Point (℃):	1825
Mohs Hardness:	4-5
Density (g/cm³):	4.22
Composition ratio	Y ≈ 43.07%，Nd ≈ 0.70%，V ≈ 24.92%，O ≈ 31.31%。
Birefringence	Positive uniaxial

Lasing wavelength (nm):	1064, 1342, 914
Pump wavelength (nm):	808
Absorption Coefficient (cm^-1):	30.6 (E∥C ), 11.4 (E⊥C)
Absorption Cross Section (cm^-2):	2.7 x 10^-19 (808nm, c-pol.)
Emission Cross Section (cm^-2):	25 x 10^-19 (1064nm, c-pol.)
Intrinsic loss (cm^-1):	0.02 (1064nm)
Gain Bandwidth (nm):	1 (1064nm)
Fluorescence Lifetime (μs):	90 (1064nm, 1% Nd³⁺ doped)
Laser polarization:	E∥C (parallel to C axis, π polarization)
Sellmeier Equation:	n_o²=3.77834+0.069736/(λ²-0.04724)-0.010813λ² n_e²=4.59905+0.110534/(λ²-0.04813)-0.012676λ²
Refractive Index (1064 nm):	ne=2.17, no=1.96
Thermal Optical Coefficient (K^-1):	dn_o/dT = 8.5 x 10^-6 dn_e/dT = 2.9 x 10^-6

Absorption Spectrum

Nd:YVO4 Synonyms

Neodymium-doped Yttrium Vanadate, Neodymium-doped Yttrium Orthovanadate, Neodymium-doped YVO4, Nd³⁺:YVO4

It has the characteristics of good thermal conductivity, large stimulated emission cross-section, wide absorption bandwidth. Because of these advantages, compact laser devices can be made by using small crystals. Another feature of Nd: YVO4 crystal is that it is uniaxial, it emits linearly polarized light

Pumped by laser diodes, Nd:YVO4 crystal has been incorporated with NLO crystals (BBO, BiBO or KTP) to frequency-shift the output from the near infrared to red, yellow, green, etc. This incorporation to construct all solid state lasers is an ideal laser tool that can cover the most widespread applications of lasers, including machining, material processing, spectroscopy, wafer inspection, light displays, medical diagnostics, laser printing, and data storage, etc. It has been shown that Nd:YVO4 based diode pumped solid state lasers are rapidly occupying the markets traditionally dominated by water-cooled ion lasers and lamp-pumped lasers, especially when compact design and single-longitudinal-mode output are required.

The Nd:YVO4 crystal has large stimulated emission cross-sections at both 1064nm and 1342nm. The stimulated emission cross-section of a-cut Nd:YVO4 crystal at 1064nm is about 4 times higher than that of Nd:YAG crystal, although the fluorescence lifetime of Nd:YVO4 is about 2.7 times shorter than that of Nd:YAG. Because of its high pump quantum efficiency, the slope efficiency of Nd:YVO4 can be very high if the laser cavity is properly designed.

Features

·Low lasing threshold and high slope efficiency

·Large stimulated emission cross-section at lasing wavelength

·High absorption over a wide pumping wavelength bandwidth

·Uniaxial and large birefringence, output laser is linearly polarized

·Low dependence on pumping wavelength and easy to get single mode output

Applications :

·Industrial Laser

·Medical Laser

·Laser show system

·Mainly used for end-pumped CW and QCW low and medium power solid state lasers.

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